The meaning of the first interior design of the interior design
principles and basic viewpoints of human life, most of the time is spent
indoors, therefore, have been designed to create the indoor environment, is
bound directly related to indoor living, quality of production activities,
relationships to people's safety, health, efficiency, comfort and so on. the
indoor environment to create, should protect the safety and people's physical
and mental health as the interior design of the most important prerequisite for
the material functions of the indoor environment in addition to the use of
arrangements, heating and light requirements, often with the type of building,
personality suited to the requirements of the indoor ambience, style, context
and other mental functions. people long half-life activities at the indoor,
modern interior design, or Interior Design, relatively is a series of
environmental design and the people most closely related to aspects of the
overall interior design,
Puma Kimi
Raikkonen, art style, from a macro point of view, often from one side to
reflect the characteristics of the corresponding period of social material and
spiritual life. With the the interior design of the social development of the
ages, always have the impression of an era, like a wordless history book.
interior design from design concept, construction techniques, decorative
materials, internal facilities, must be the material level of production,
social, cultural and spiritual life situation; Overall organization of interior
space, layout and decoration processing, but also closely related to and was the
philosophy, aesthetic point of view, socio-economic, and folk customs from the
microscopic , the individual works, the level of interior design, the pros and
cons of the quality and the professional quality of the designer and cultural
arts literacy linked to the taste of the outcome of the final implementation of
each individual design and the project specific construction technology, the
quality of the materials, facilities configuration, and coordination of builders
closely related to related to the design is of decisive significance of the most
critical part of the premise, but the quality of the final outcome depends on:
the design - construction - - the overall coordination of the material - and the
owners' relationship. the meaning of the interior design interior design
according to the nature of the use of the building, their environment and the
corresponding standards, the use of the material and technical means and
construction of aesthetic principles, to create a functional and reasonable,
comfortable and beautiful, meet people material and spiritual needs of the
indoor environment. space environment has both use value, to meet the functional
requirements, and also reflects the historical context, architectural style,
atmosphere and other psychological factors. the above meaning, clearly create to
meet the people material and spiritual life needs an indoor environment : nature
of use - why the kind of features the design of buildings and interior space;
where the place - the building and interior space surrounding environment;
economic input - corresponding project's total investment and unilateral cost of
standard control. design ideas, material and technical means need to use all
kinds of decorative materials and facilities, it is easy to understand; also
need to follow the principle of architectural aesthetics, this is because the
art of interior design, in addition to painting, sculpture and other art outside
the common aesthetic rules, as the architectural aesthetics, but also need to
consider the use of function, structure construction, material and equipment
cost standards, and other factors. architectural aesthetics are always links and
practical, technical, economic and other factors together, this is it different
from the pure art of painting, sculpture, where the differences of modern
interior design requirements of both high artistic and involved in the design
contents and high technology content, and with some of the emerging disciplines,
such as very close: the relationship of human engineering, environmental
psychology, environmental physics and modern interior design has become an
independent emerging discipline in environmental design in the development and
understanding of the meaning of the interior design, as well as its relationship
with the architectural design from different perspective, to analyze the
different emphases, many scholars have a lot of insights worthy of careful
consideration and reference point of view, such as: Interior Design creation.
building space, the spatial effect as the pursuit of the goal of architectural
art, interface, windows and doors, a space necessary subordinate part.
subordinate part of a space-constitutes the material basis of perception and
connotation of the use of space to play a decisive role, however, after all, is
a subordinate part of As for appearance only constitute a connotation of space,
the inevitable result of more colleagues to fight the traffic, people's
psychological factors, as well as how to make them feel comfortable and excited.
Experience has shown that this same structure, building system to deal with to
bother much, but also require more specialized training, Adam, President of the
former Interior Design Association, pointed out that labor productivity, a
barrier-free design, the preparation of fire safety regulations and
energy-saving targets, improve the efficiency of the use of hospitals,
libraries, schools and other public facilities. In a word, to give a variety in
the indoor environment comfortable and safe Belarus architect E. Banuo Ma, Leva,
interior design is to design with vision limited artificial environment, in
order to meet the requirements of the physical and spiritual protection of life,
needs space form, the interdependence of engineering and art, and in close
connection with the the meaning is actually the meaning of the different
interior decoration or decor: decorative and decoration of the original meaning
refers to the the final completion of research questions such as interior
floors, walls, ceiling and other interface processing, the selection of
decorative materials and may also include selection, configuration and design of
furniture, lamps, furnishings and sketch. interior decoration: the Finishing the
word meaning, interior decoration is focused on engineering, construction
technology and construction of approach, by definition mainly refers to the
civil construction is completed after the indoor interface, windows and doors,
cut off the final fitting-out works. Interior Design: This section of the
above-mentioned meaning, The modern interior design is a combination of indoor
environment design, it includes aspects of the visual environment and
engineering technology, including sound, light, heat and other physical
environment and atmosphere, mood and other psychological, environmental and
cultural connotation. basic view of the interior design The modern interior
design, from creation to meet the modern functions, in line with the
requirements of the spirit of the times of departure, emphasizing the need to
establish some basic points of the following: First, to meet the needs of and
interpersonal activities as the core of the cornerstone of the social function
of the design. conflict process is complex, the problem is too complicated,
designers need to clearly recognize that people-oriented, human services,
services to ensure people's safety and physical and mental health, as the core
of the design to meet the needs of people and interpersonal activities. man of
this extraordinary truth, the design often intentionally or unintentionally from
a number of local factors to consider neglected modern interior design to meet
people's physical, psychological and other requirements, you need to handle a
number of relations of the people and the environment, interpersonal under the
premise of serving others, a comprehensive solution to the use of functional,
economic efficiency, the demands of the comfortable and beautiful atmosphere.
design and implementation process also involves a lot of materials, equipment,
fixed rules, as well as construction management and coordination. modern
interior design is a highly complex system works, but the starting point and
destination of the modern interior design can only be human and interpersonal
activities service the cornerstone of this function from the human services need
to designer nuanced, put yourself in a better indoor environment for people to
create, modern interior design special attention to the study of human
engineering, environmental psychology, aesthetic psychology to science, in-depth
understanding of people's physical characteristics, behavior, psychological and
visual perception and other aspects of the indoor environment design
requirements for different people, different objects of use and accordingly
should consider the different requirements such as: kindergarten indoor
windowsill, taking into account the scale to adapt to child care, window sill
height often by the usual 900 ~ to 450 ~ 550cm 1000cm, stair step height is also
about 12cm, and set the two files to adapt to children and adults scale
handrails; take into account the passage of persons with disabilities and
activities of some public buildings, the height difference in the indoor and
outdoor, vertical transportation many aspects of care of the toilet should be
barrier-free design; evacuation design of underground space in recent years,
such as the Shanghai subway station, consider the elderly and activities than
the slow response time formula for calculating the safe evacuation of people,
the introduction of safe evacuation of these people stay in the evacuation time
of 1min room for the above three examples, the focus is to consider the physical
characteristics of the children, the elderly, the disabled and other people's
behavior in the organization of interior space, the selection of color and
lighting, and contrast on the nature of the appropriate use of indoor
atmosphere, etc., but also need to study people's behavior, psychology, visual
experience requirements such as: the interior space of the church towering
mystery Chamber regulation of indoor space with a solemn sense, while
entertainment brilliant colors and shimmering lighting gives a psychological
feeling of excitement, joy and we should make full use of existing viable
material and technical means and the corresponding economic conditions, and
create in order to meet the indoor activities and people the artificial
environment, strengthen the conception of the environment as a whole concept of
modern interior design ideas, indoor style and atmosphere to create, needs to
focus on the entire surface of the environmental considerations. modern interior
design and understood from a global perspective, the environment should be seen
as Design Series good interior design, they increasingly need to have sufficient
understanding and analysis of the environment as a whole, embarked on the
indoor, but focus on the lack the necessary understanding and research on the
environment as a whole, and thus make the design based on Han in general, the
design idea of ??the limitations of closed seems to ignore the analysis of the
relationship of environment and interior design, is also one of the reasons
modern interior design, or the indoor environmental design, the interior design,
of course, need to focus on the design of the visual environment, but should not
be limited to the visual environment, should also attach great importance to the
physical environment of the indoor sound, light, heat, air quality, environment
and psychological environment and other factors, because the people whether the
indoor environment feel comfortable, always a hot indoor background noise is
high, looks very nice stay in the meantime it is difficult to give the feeling
of pleasure. complaint with the views of some foreign hotels are concentrated,
often evening elevator, boiler room and low frequency noise and bathroom ware
pipeline noise, affect the rest. a lot of the hotel lobby, simply starting from
the visual experience, excessive selection of bright, hard decorative materials
to the walls, the stairs from the ground cursory Gallery tailgate to the help
desk tops, counter, so that the reverberation time is too long in the lobby,
talking clarity is poor, of course, cost is also high. American Society of
Interior Designers Fischer visit to Shanghai, settled in a hotel there is a
similar evaluation. another layer of meaning, the interior design as the natural
environment - urban and rural environment - community kaifong, building outdoor
environments - indoor environment, this environment series an integral part of
the most important point of the design should allow visitors in the room, it is
easy to think of is where. the Minsk architect E. Ba Nuoma Leva also referred to
factors, the overall features, natural climatic conditions, urban construction,
condition and location, as well as regional cultural traditions and engineering
construction methods. ; creative interior design, lack of depth, there is no
connotation of course, the use of a different nature, different features of the
design task, the tightness of the contact of the contents of the Environment
Series are different, but from the people on the indoor environmental material
and spiritual aspects of the integrated feel, still it should be emphasized on
the environment as a whole should be fully recognized., science and art combined
with modern interior design and a basic view, which attaches great importance to
science in the creation of the indoor environment , attaches great importance to
the artistic, and their mutual combination of architecture and interior history
of the development, with the rise of the innovative spirit of the new style,
always adapt to the development of social productive forces of social life and
scientific and technological progress, change people's values ??and aesthetics
to promote the interior design must pay full attention and active use of the
achievements of contemporary science and technology, including new materials,
structure, composition and construction process, as well as create a good sound,
light, heat, environment, facilities and equipment. modern interior the
scientific nature of the design, in addition to the need to further establish
the design concept, design methods and means of expression, are also
increasingly attach importance to, the designers have begun to serious
scientific methods to analyze and determine the indoor physical environment and
psychological environment advantages and disadvantages, and the use of computer
aided design and drawing. Washington Museum of Art, East Building, interior
perspective of the ICP IM Pei show back to Shanghai to give lectures in the
1980s, is drawn by an electronic computer, these precise mapping of non-right
angles to the shape and spatial relationships is extremely detailed and a true
expression of the visual image of the interior space. on the one hand the need
for adequate emphasis on science, on the other hand, need to pay full attention
to the artistry, attention to the material and technical means at the same time,
attaches great importance to the architectural aesthetics principle of great
importance to create expressive and appealing interior space and image, to
create a visual pleasure and cultural connotation of the indoor environment, so
that people living in modern society, high-tech, high-paced, psychologically,
spiritually balanced modern architecture and interior design of high-tech and
high-emotional problems. In short, scientific and artistic, physiological
requirements and psychological requirements, material factors and spiritual
factors, balanced and integrated in a specific engineering design will encounter
different type and features an indoor environment, treatment of the specific
treatment of these two aspects may be emphasized, starting from the macro to the
overall design concept still needs to be a combination of both scientific and
artistic aspects of both is not fragmented or opposition , but can be closely
combined with the Italian designer P. Navier-designed Roman small Sports Palace
and by Ling Exhibition Hall, Nimai Ya design Basili Yafei Tel church, the roof
shape is consistent with the reinforced concrete and wire force to the network
structure of the cement, the composition and components of the structure itself
is very artistic expression; Rotterdam, the Netherlands, apply for project
approval of the municipal office, the corridors of the interior arched top
combined with top lighting, decorative beams processing, in office buildings
well reflects the combination of scientific and artistic. from the macro as a
whole, as the foregoing, buildings and indoor environments, are always a
reflection of contemporary social and material life and spiritual life
characteristics, engraved with the impression of an era , but the modern
interior design needs to be emphasized in the design consciously embody the
spirit of the times, take the initiative to consider to meet the needs of
contemporary social life, activities and behavior patterns, analysis of the
values ??and aesthetics of the spirit of the times, active use of contemporary
material and technical means at the same time, development of human society,
regardless of the material and technical, spiritual and cultural, and historical
continuity. tracing the history of the times and respect, to say what is the
nature of its social development of the organic unity in the interior design,
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Cat, living, travel rest and cultural entertainment and other types of
indoor environment, are likely to take the measures of national characteristics,
local style, country style, give full consideration to the continuation of the
history and culture and the development of design techniques should be pointed
out here talking about the historical context, can not simply only from the form
of symbols to understand, but broadly involved in the planning ideas, layout and
spatial organization features, and even the design philosophy and point of view.
famous Japanese architect Tange designed three for the Tokyo Olympic Games
Yoyogi National Arena, a modern stadium suspended pigment structure, but the
overall effect of the architectural form and interior space can indeed say that
it is both the spirit of the times, there are some inherent characteristics of
the Japanese architectural style; United Arab Emirates Sharjah International
Airport, both modern and also embodies the characteristics of Islamic
architecture, it is not simply copy some symbols, but rather reflects the
building and the indoor environment is both contemporary and respect the
historical context of the overall style , dynamic and sustainable concept of
development, China's Qing dynasty, Li Yu, the interior decoration professionals
wrote: the so-called room doors and windows replacement and exchange. Li Yu
interior design to the dynamic process of development to treat a notable feature
of the modern interior design, is it due to the passage of time, causing the
appropriate changes and changes in the indoor function, is particularly
prominent and sensitive. ever-accelerating pace of life in today's society, The
indoor complex and varied, interior decoration materials, facilities and
equipment, and even the replacement of the doors and windows and other
components and parts is also changing. In short, the interior design and
architectural decoration of the and the appreciation and pursuit of the artistic
style of the indoor environment and atmosphere, but also over time and change,
Japan Tokyo man Xifu Dian store and update cycle of the pavement in recent years
only a year and a half, China's Shanghai does not restaurants, barber shop,
studio and clothing store, update week only 2-3 years, hotels, guesthouses
update cycle is about 5-7 years with the introduction of market economy, a
competitive mechanism, shopping behavior and mode of operation changes,
introduction of new decorative materials, efficient lighting and air
conditioning equipment, and fire safety regulations, building standards,
modifications, etc. factors that will promote the modern interior design in
spatial organization, layout, renovation construction and installation of
facilities have left to update the room for transformation of the basis of
factors of interior design, functionality, aesthetic requirements, and so on,
not as a static and a dynamic development process to understand and treat the
interior design point of view of the dynamic development also involves other
types of public buildings and the wide range of large residential buildings in
the indoor environment, the term development of the statement, World Assembly on
the future of design must not be a quick success, only the immediate, to
establish energy efficiency, conservation and utilization of interior space, and
strive to use non-polluting sustainable development concept, which called for
the indoor designer considering the development of updated variable, taking into
account the development in energy, environment, land, and ecological
sustainability. In summary, the basic point of view of modern interior design
can be summarized as follows: the second chapter of the interior design,
content, classification and method steps in modern interior design, also known
as Interior Design, contained in the content and compared to traditional
interior decoration, involving a broader, more relevant factors, more in-depth
content. the indoor environment of the content and feelings of the indoor
environment related to the shape of space surrounded by the interface, the
spatial scale of indoor space environment,
Puma
Baylee Future Cat, room sound, light, thermal environment, indoor air
environment (air quality, hazardous gas and dust content, radiation dose ......)
Indoor objective environmental factors as the main body of the indoor
environment design services, to analyze from the point of view of the indoor
environment, physical and mental feelings,
Puma Fluxion
II, there are indoor visual environment, hearing environment, tactile
environment, olfactory environment, environmental, physiological and
psychological subjective feelings, especially visual experience is the most
direct and strong objective environmental factors and the subjective feelings of
the people on the environment, modern indoor environments need to explore and
research. indoor environment needs to be considered, along with the development
of social life and the advancement of technology, there will be a lot of new
content for the personnel engaged in interior design, although not all the
contents of all to master, but according to different functions interior design
should also be familiar with the basic content of the corresponding relevant as
possible to understand the close relationship with the interior design projects,
the greatest impact of environmental factors, so that the design can actively
and consciously consider the various factors, but also professionals with the
type of work coordination and close coordination, to effectively improve the
intrinsic quality of the indoor environment design, such as modern auditorium,
consider the quality of the indoor sound environment, sound clarity of demanding
indoor sound clarity is mainly determined by the reverberation the length of
time the size of the reverberation time and indoor spaces, the interface surface
treatment and materials used in the relationship between most closely related to
indoor reverberation time is shorter the higher the clarity of the sound, which
requires reasonable to reduce the interior design flat top, the gap surface to
the plane in the package, the interior space is appropriately reduced, walls,
floors, and seat fabrics are made of textile fabric of the high sound
absorption, sound absorption using the perforated flat top and other measures to
increase the interface absorption effect. New Studios auditorium, using the
above techniques, indoor reverberation time 400HZ high frequency only about 0.7s
affect the studio's sound better, and the concert hall due to the corresponding
requirements of mixed longer reverberation time, the Chamber volume, decorative
materials, sound absorption requirements and layout is also different from the
auditorium, which shows art treatment, must be the requirements of the indoor
sound environment for the auditorium, concert hall, indoor Another example in
recent years, residential interior decoration, laying ceramic floor tiles in the
living room too much, perhaps selection is considered from the point of view of
the beautiful and easy to clean, but look at the indoor thermal environment, the
type of flooring materials The thermal conductivity is too large, a long time to
stay in the living room of the human body does not apply to the above two
examples illustrate the creation of a comfortable and beautiful indoor
environment, on the one hand, passionate, and consider the meaning of culture,
use of architectural principles of creation needs, but also to the objective of
environmental factors as the design basis of subjective visual experience or the
creation of the atmosphere, you need to work closely with the objective of
environmental factors together; said, the objective of environmental factors to
create a pleasant visual environment very broad, but the main design can be
summarized into the following three aspects, these aspects, there are some
intrinsic link between them: 1, the interior spatial organization and interface
handling the interior design space organizations, including the layout, first
need to fully understand the intent of the original architectural design and
in-depth understanding of the overall layout of buildings, functional analysis,
flow trends, and structural systems, interior design, interior space and layout
to be perfect, adjustment or re- to create, accelerate the pace of modern social
life, architectural feature or change, to transform or re-organizations also
need the interior space, which in the current update of all types of building
alterations task is the most common organization of interior space and layout
must include the design of each interface of the interior space enclosed by way
of indoor interface processing, refer to the enclosed interior space - floors,
walls, partitions, flat-topped all walks of life use functions and features of
the analysis, interface the shape of a design by the graphics line feet,
texture, and the connection structure of the interface and structure, the
interface of wind, water, electricity and other pipeline facilities coordination
and other aspects of design included the need to specify that the interface
processing does not necessarily have to do ; addition from the nature of the use
of the building, features to consider, some of the structure of the building
components can also add decoration as one of the interface treatment approach,
which is purely decorative and interior design design ideas the difference
between the interior space organization and interface processing, to determine
the basic shape of the indoor environment and linear design content, the design
of physical function and mental function, consider the objective environment and
subjective physical and mental feelings .2, indoor The eye of light, color,
design and material selection and it is precisely because there was light, to
make people be able to distinguish between the different architectural form and
detail, illumination is the premise of the outside world visual experience.
indoor lighting refers to the indoor environment of natural daylighting and
artificial lighting, illumination in addition to meet the normal working and
living environment lighting, lighting requirements, lighting, and lighting
effects can effectively serve to heighten the atmosphere of the indoor
environment. color is most vivid, the most active factor in interior design,
interior color often the first impression of the indoor environment to the
people left. the color most expressive through people's visual experience
physiological, psychological, and similar physical effect, the formation of rich
association, deep meaning and symbolism of light and color can not be separated
, in addition to the shade outside, the color must also be attached to the
interface, furniture, interior fabrics, green, and objects such as the interior
color design based on the character of the building, indoor nature,
characteristics of work activities, stay and other factors as the length of time
to determine the main colors of indoor Select the appropriate color scheme.
choice of materials, texture is an important part of interior design is directly
related to the practical effects and cost-effective and clever in the interior
design of a major problem. selection of decorative materials, timber, and at the
same time meet the function and people's physical and mental feelings of these
two requirements, such as a hard, flat granite floors, smooth, compact mirror
finish, gentle, soft textiles for indoor, as well as natural, cordial nature of
surface material, etc., interior design, after all, can not stay issued on a
color, shape, color, design must ultimately be selected giving people a feeling
to a combination of visual mental .3 indoor inclusions - furniture, furnishings,
lighting, green and other content of the design and selection of furniture,
furnishings, lighting, greening of interior design, relatively out of the
interface layout for indoor space in an indoor environment, practical and
ornamental role is extremely prominent, usually they are in vision significant
location, furniture, but also directly with the human body relative to exposure,
feelings of distance from the most close to. furniture, furnishings, lighting,
green on the contrast The indoor atmosphere, the formation of interior design
style has played a pivotal role. not a substitute for the special role of indoor
green in the modern interior design, indoor green reform indoor climate and the
function of the adsorption of dust, more importantly, indoor green vibrant
indoor environment and creates a natural atmosphere, very enjoyable, and play to
soften indoor artificial environment, the high pace of modern social life has a
coordinating role in people's psychological make it balanced. interior design
content of the three listed above , in fact, is an organic whole: light, color,
form so that people feel the indoor environment can be integrated, such as light
interface and furniture color and shape of relying on a interface style
coordination is often called architectural engineering in the liberal arts,
modern interior design whether in architecture and engineering, the intersection
point of the social and natural sciences? modern interior design with a number
of disciplines and engineering extremely close relationship between factors,
such as the disciplines of architectural aesthetics, materials science,
ergonomics, environmental physics, environmental psychology and behavior, etc.;
technical factors such as structural composition, indoor facilities and
equipment, construction technology and engineering economy, quality testing and
computer technology in the interior design applications and so on.
classification of interior design interior design and architectural design
similar points can be divided into broad categories: 1, residential interior
design;, public buildings, interior design; industrial interior design; 4, the
interior design of agricultural building. between different types of
construction in all types of building, as well as the use of the same
functionality interior space, such as: entrance hall, the hall, the elevator
hall, courtyard, restroom facilities, bath toilet, as well as the general
function of the guard room, offices, conference rooms, reception, etc. Of
course, for specific projects in the design task, the interior space of the
scale, the standard and the corresponding application requirements there will be
many differences, the need for specific analysis the classification of the
various types of interior design and the design of the main room are as follows:
due to the nature of the function of interior space and features, all types of
building room interior design aspects of the arts, culture and process
requirements, the respective somewhat focus on the main hall of the special
functional requirements such as monuments and religious buildings, the
requirements for the design of the monumental, artistic, cultural connotation of
mental function is more prominent; the building of industrial, agricultural and
other production workshop and space, relative to the creation of the production
process as well as indoor physical environment requirements are more rigorous
type of construction is extremely functional design classification of indoor
space environment and its significance was mainly due to: interior design task,
the designer should first designed to clear the nature of the use of interior
space, the so-called use nature of space, and physical function and mental
function of the design objects are closely linked, such as indoor residential
construction, even if the economy may also not suitable in shape, colors,
materials to mak
